I just don’t know what to do to help my child learn to read! This is the biggest complaint that I hear from parents. A close second is, but they don’t like reading with me. I remember reading with my dad in kindergarten. I hated it! More specifically I hated not being able to read perfectly when I read with him. This is usually what makes reading with parents (or getting homework help from them) such a struggle. Your children love you and don’t want to disappoint you. They need to hear regularly that you don’t expect them to read perfectly and you are just happy to read with them. Here are my ideas on making reading less of a struggle and teaching them to read at the same time. A big part of getting children to read regularly at home has to do with access, choice, time, and space.

Let’s start with access. Kids need access to reading material. What a blessing, that there are so many community libraries here in Canada! The best way we can show our appreciation for these libraries is to use them. As well librarians are trained in helping you find books that are the right fit for your child and they are happy to help. Personal books at home are also very helpful. Even if your child is a beginner reader and most of the books are at a higher level, they can still get a lot of benefit from having regular and easy access to these books. First of all reading pictures is an early literacy skill that helps build a strong foundation for more advanced literacy skills. Of even more value is when parents and other caregivers read to early readers. Children not only develop a love of books, stories, and reading (more foundational literacy skills) they also have many reading strategies modelled to them when they listen to books read to them. These reading strategies are then absorbed by children and they will automatically use them without even having to make a conscious effort to do so. Just as you use them automatically and may not even be aware of what they actually are. Reading to your child on a regular basis is the single best thing that you can do to help them develop strong literacy skills. Yes, it’s as easy as that! Even if your child isn’t a beginning or developing reader and many of the books at home are at an easier level they are still of value as they provide your child with a choice of reading material.

Children love to choose books to read and have read to them. Visiting the public library on a regular basis and letting your child choose books to take out is fabulous motivator for getting them to read. If your child is choosing books that are not at their reading level, you could always ask for a compromise, and say for every hard (or too easy) book they choose, you would like them to choose a good fit book as well. Of course early readers have less choice of good fit books but if the book is bit beyond their level then you can always share the reading. They read the words they know and you read the other words. Or you read most of the words and stop on words that you believe they know or are able to figure out. For example, you can stop on words that are easy to guess based on pictures or context. This is a reading strategy that successful readers use. You can also stop on words that are common sight words (the, of, look) or words that are easy to sound out. Library visits coupled with a personal collection of books at home provide children with lots of choice of reading material.

The most reliable way to help your child find the time to read is to develop the habit of reading at a particular time of day. As adults we rarely forget or struggle to make time to brush our teeth. That’s because it is built into our getting ready-for-the-day and getting-ready-for-bed routines. When my daughter was young we made a habit of reading before bed. Actually it was before getting ready for bed. This seemed to make getting ready for bed less of a fight for a child who felt there was too much fun to be had and sleep got in her way of getting all the fun she could out of her day. Different times will fit differently for various families. Mornings could be a nice way to help children who are slow to wake up start their day. You could climb into bed with them and start reading an old favourite. By the end of it they will probably be awake enough to then share the reading of the next and then read one short book on their own before getting up and getting on with their day. As working parent, I understand that it can be challenging to find the time to read with our children. However, if it’s a priority then we can do it.

Having a quiet reading space is important as well. Even though I have been reading for decades and have lots of practise at it, I get distracted by things like conversations, television, loud music, and mom requests. Children don’t think that they are distracted by television, video games, and music but brain research suggests differently. Music or television is just the sugar that makes the medicine go down. Ideally children should read in a quite space with as little distractions as possible. Although my daughter and I co-created an attractive reading corner in her bedroom, her favourite reading place was cuddled up next to me on the couch. She often prefers to read while walking around the living room by herself. She is a very active child and sitting still is what she does at school so she avoids it as much as possible at home. In small homes, finding a quite space may require a quiet time for the whole family, ear plugs, and/or a book lamp for reading in a closet. Have your child try a few options and choose what fits for them. Not only do kids like to choose their reading material, they also love to choose their reading location and position!

Good habits aren’t necessarily easy to develop but they are worthwhile and have pay-offs. With reading the pay-offs are immense. Reading provides access to information, entertainment, life-lessons, and life-changing wisdom!

Is there more to reading books than just reading? Yes! There is comprehension, reflection, and connection to name a few higher level thinking skills that go along with reading. In simpler terms, that means, understanding, thinking about, and relating to other ideas learned. Follow up reading activities are a great way to get readers to engage in these higher level thinking skills. In teacher jargon, we call them “reader response” activities. I guess that is because they get the readers to respond to what they read. There are lots of reader response activities that are a fun way to get kids to think more deeply about their summer reading.

Above is a picture of a diorama that my daughter made for a scene in the novel Charlotte’s Web. It’s the scene where people come to see Charlotte’s web when it says “some pig”. She also did a write up of a summary which is glued on the back. My daughter dislikes writing but she loves making things. I have sometimes wondered if she had a bad experience with a pencil in a past life but she also dislikes typing. Fortunately the write up was totally overshadowed by the fun of making a diorama. The summary encourages differentiating between main points and minor detail whereas the diorama encourages attention to detail. Here are more reader response ideas:

·         Do a book review (there are lots of online samples)

·         Write the author a letter

·         Write a summary (younger kids can summarize the beginning, middle and end)

·         Act it out

·         Write the story into a play format

·         Identify the story elements (characters, setting, problem, climax, resolution, theme)

·         Compare and contrast the book with the movie (Venn Diagrams are a nice way to organize thoughts)

·         Write a different ending for the story

·         Make a commercial to sell people on the idea of reading the book

All these activities require readers to use higher-level thinking skills. They are also a great base for discussing what they read and what they thought about it. And many of them are suitable for children who dislike their pencils (and keyboard).

If your child is reading regularly this summer then great! Talk about the value of doing some reader response activities and let them choose an activity to do for the next book they read. If your child is not reading regularly then I would work on helping them develop that habit first. For some ideas on how to do that see the previous post “Summer Reading”.

As a classroom teacher I spend each September figuring out each of my students’ reading levels so that I can provide them with what I like to call “best fit” reading instruction and practise. Depending what grade I am teaching, and whether or not there has been a lot of staff changes, I can sometimes get the students’ reading levels from the previous May. This is helpful because instead of randomly guessing where a student might be reading at and then having them read a book at that level to see how they do, I can instead base the first book I give them on how they were reading three months ago.

So one year as I was checking reading levels for a class of grade two and three students. I sat down with one boy who had tested at a level 13 in May of his grade one year. Now with the system that I was using, the district I work in has the expectation that by the end of grade one students should be reading independently at a level 16 and by the end of grade two they should be reading independently at a level 22. Now that is ideal but the reality is that students come from all different backgrounds, some with very little exposure to books at home, some with lots of exposure, and they have all different strengths and weakness. So even though this particular child had received intensive reading support in grade one, he was not able to get to level 16 by the end of grade one. So I pulled out a level 13 book and after the first page, I told him I had changed my mind and wanted him to try a different book. I gave him a level 11 book and it was still way to challenging for him. I went for lower and lower books. I asked him as casually as I could, if he had been reading over the summer. He said flat out, “No!” His tone suggested that he thought this was a crazy idea why would he do that over the summer. The final result was that he was reading at a level 6 at the beginning of grade two.

This is what is commonly referred to as summer reading loss. By the end of grade two this student was reading at a level 17, which is a beginning grade two level. When he was in grade three his teacher told me that she checked his reading level and he was reading at a grade one level. It seems he had another summer without reading. Now this is one of the more extreme cases that I have seen and it is definitely a prime example of how the most “at-risk” students are the most vulnerable to summer learning loss. However if I was to sum up what I see year after year, I would say that overall (and each class is slightly different) less than a third of the students in any given class improves their reading level over the summer. Typically, these are the students who have a regular habit of reading over the summer and throughout the school year. I would say that just over a third of students stay at roughly the same reading level over the summer. These are the students who do some reading over the summer but typically they don’t have the regular habit of reading. Finally, the third of the students who regress in their reading skills are typically the ones who admit, sometimes rather shyly and sometimes rather boldly, that they did not read over the summer.

Reading over the summer is imperative to preventing summer reading loss! A regular reading habit over the summer is likely to help with an improvement in reading accuracy, comprehension, and fluency.  The best way to build a habit according to Charles Duhigg author of The Power of Habit, is to have a cue, routine, and reward. Over time this sequence becomes more and more automatic until cue and reward are intertwined. I have always found that an easy cue to use is a particular time in a daily routine. Some more practical cues might be, in the morning before any screen time (tv, video games, movies, computer pleasure use), after lunch, before dinner, after dinner, or before bed. The routine could be to read for 15 minutes for primary students and 30 minutes for intermediate students. Ideally the reward would be that the reading was enjoyable but some children could use a little bit more of bang in their reward. For those who like their screen time then having their enjoyable screen time after reading would be a reward. Checking off their reading on a calendar could also be a reward. Many libraries have a summer reading programs that gives the children their own calendar to keep track of their reading and after completing a specific number of days for their reading, they can come in for some form of recognition. My daughter has joined the Surrey Public Libraries summer reading program for the last number of years and I know that the Fraser Valley Regional Libraries also offers a similar summer reading program. I highly recommend these programs especially for younger children. For older children, an incentive might be to read them the example above to offer proof that it isn’t just their parent who thinks reading over the summer is important.

Here is a link that I came across for 24 books that will captivate your kids this summer. I emailed it too myself because I want to check out some of these books over the summer and now I don’t remember where I came across it. Picture books are fun for all ages and lend themselves to lots of rich discussions about story elements (character, setting, plot, and theme) and connections to other stories as well as life lessons. Picture books are great for a family story time with different family members taking turns reading them and asking other family members discussion questions. Stay tuned for a blog post on follow up reading activities or reader response activities  in order to squeeze some more Language Arts learning into the summer.